1. Dab tsi yog eaf steelmaking? Vim li cas nws hu ua tus tub ntxhais ntawm "ntsuab hlau"?
Hluav taws xob hluav taws xob feem ntau yog hais txog "cov txheej txheem luv luv" steelmaking, cov tub ntxhais uas yog siv fais fab fais fab, thiab tom qab ntawd nws smelten hlau tshiab.
Piv nrog cov tsoos "cov txheej txheem ntev" ntawm lub zog rauv {{} kev sib zog ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob hauv ib puag ncig:
- Kev siv zog thiab cov pa roj carbon emissions yog txo qis: rau kev tsim khoom ntawm cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob, thiab cov pa roj hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm ntau dua 75%. Qhov no yog vim hais tias lub zog tshaj plaws- -}} intensive race immeraking tau hla.
- Rov qab siv cov peev txheej: cov ntaub ntawv raw rau hluav taws xob tshuab hluav taws xob yog tsuas yog siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me ntawm cov thawj hlau thiab kev puas tsuaj ib puag ncig los ntawm kev tsuas.
- Tsawg dua cov pa paug tawm: kom zam cov kev ua qias tuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem muaj kuab paug hnyav xws li kev khi, thiab ua kom txo qis ntawm cov leej txiv lws suav, nitrogen oxides thiab hmoov av.
2. Rov kho tus qauv lag luam: Peb lub peev xwm ntawm EAF Steelmaking
2.1 rau cov nqi hlau: tus nqi qauv pauv, thiab cov volatility yuav nce ntxiv.
Tus nqi tseem ceeb ntawm EAF steelmaking los ntawm seem steel thiab hluav taws xob. Qhov no txhais tau tias:
- Seem steel ua "cov roj crude roj av tshiab": tus nqi ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov qauv sib txawv yuav los ua ib qho kev txiav txim siab cuam tshuam rau tus nqi ntawm cov hlau. Nrog kev txhim kho ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm thiab tus nqi nyiaj txiag yuav ua rau muaj kev nce qib ntxiv rau cov khoom lag luam steel.
- Nce qhov rhiab ntawm tus nqi hluav taws xob: hauv cov cheeb tsam uas cov nqi hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj zog ntxiv, tus nqi sib tw ntawm cov hlau rauve yuav muaj zog dua thiab muaj zog. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, cov nqi hlau yuav qhia tau muaj kev sib txheeb muaj zog nrog lub lag luam hluav taws xob.
2.2 rau cov khoom siv muab khoom: SCRAP kev rov ua dua tshiab ua cov phiaj xwm kev xaiv.
Cov tsoos hlau muab cov saw hlau ncig ncig "ncig ua si qeeb ib ncig ntawm" {{}} cov khoom siv ntsuab siv yuav tig mus rau "SCRAP Ub - steel nroj tshuag".
- Kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke: txhawm rau kom cov khoom siv raw, cov khoom lag luam hlau loj yuav nquag ua ke thiab xa tawm network los ntawm kev tsim kho lossis kev txhim kho. Ib qho ruaj khov thiab siab-} zoo qhov chaw ntawm cov qauv steel yuav dhau los ua kev sib tw tseem ceeb.
- Tus nqi ntawm "Nroog Milles" yog qhov tseem ceeb: qhov ntau ntawm cov neeg lag luam cov hlau loj, thiab txhim kho lub neej ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm cheeb tsam stand.
2.3 Kev Tshaj Tawm: Nyiam ua lag luam thiab lub zog, siv nyob rau hauv "Kev faib tawm"
Moj tej tawg ua race steelmaking yuav tsum nyob rau hauv ntug hiav txwv thaj chaw lossis thaj chaw nrog cov ports loj los pab txhawb hlau ore kev thauj mus los. Thaum hluav taws xob rauv taws kub stat stat steelmak yog qhov hloov tau yooj yim dua:
- Ze rau cov neeg siv khoom lag luam: cov hluav taws xob rauv taws tuaj yeem ua tau ze ntawm cov chaw noj khoom hlau tseem ceeb feem ntau yog los ntawm cov nroog thiab cov chaw muaj kev lag luam. Qhov no tuaj yeem txo cov nqi logistics thiab ua lub voj voog hauv zos ntawm "SMRIP hlau- Cov txheej txheem steel {}} kev lag luam".
- Qauv rau Ntsuab Zog Kev Nyuaj Siab: Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Cov Hluav Taws Xob (Cua Fais Fab, HydroPower) thiab cov nqi hluav taws xob tsawg. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm "xoom carbon" lossis "cov roj av ntau lawm siv hluav taws xob) yuav txaus siab rau cov lag luam loj thiab kev sib tw.
3.future Outlook thiab cov nyom
Txawm hais tias lub zeem muag yog ci, qhov nrov ntawm hluav taws xob rauv statold steelmaking tseem ci cov nyom:
- Bottleneck ntawm seem hlau cov khoom siv: thoob ntiaj teb, cov khoom siv ntawm high - zoo thiab txaus scrap hlau tseem xav tau sijhawm.
- Lub Hwj Chim Grid Thauj: loj {- teev cov hluav taws xob ua kom sov hluav taws xob kom tau rau qhov ruaj khov thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob hauv zos.
- Kev hloov kho kev hloov kho: Kev nqis peev txuas ntxiv yuav tsum tau los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm qis - Zoo Seem Hlau thiab hlau zoo.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov qauv yog irreversible. Tsav los ntawm cov nyiaj them ua ntej thoob ntiaj teb, cov roj ntsuab neutrality "txoj cai, tab sis tib txoj kev muaj sia nyob thiab kev loj hlob. Nws yog thawb cov hlau thiab hlau kev lag luam los ntawm cov qauv qub ntawm "kab kev lag luam" rau lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm "kev txuas", uas yuav cuam tshuam rau txhua qhov txuas los ntawm cov khoom siv raw los ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Leej twg tuaj yeem txeeb lub sijhawm hauv cov kev hloov ntsuab yuav yeej cov lus txib ntawm kev ua lag luam steel yav tom ntej.
